Overview
Nine adjectives exist that do not quite follow the same inflection patterns as first and second declension adjectives. These are: alius,
alter, ullus, nullus, uter,
neuter, solus, and totus. These adjectives follow two different
type of inflection patterns in their singular forms. The plural forms of these adjectives, however, follow normal first and second declension patterns.
In addition, these nine irregular adjectives do not have vocative forms. Hopefully, the reason for this will be apparent as you see each word’s meaning.
Pattern #1 (-us, -a, -ud)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
-us |
-a |
-um |
Genitive |
-ĭus |
-ĭus |
-ĭus |
Dative |
-ī |
-ī |
-ī |
Accusative |
-um |
-am |
-ud |
Ablative |
-ō |
-ā |
-ō |
Pattern #2 (-er, -a, -um)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
-er |
-a |
-um |
Genitive |
-ĭus |
-ĭus |
-ĭus |
Dative |
-ī |
-ī |
-ī |
Accusative |
-um |
-am |
-um |
Ablative |
-ō |
-ā |
-ō |
alius, -a, -ud (another)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
alius |
alia |
alium |
Genitive |
aliĭus |
aliĭus |
aliĭus |
Dative |
aliī |
aliī |
aliī |
Accusative |
alium |
aliam |
aliud |
Ablative |
aliō |
aliā |
aliō |
alter, -a, -um (the other)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
alter |
altera |
alterum |
Genitive |
alterĭus |
alterĭus |
alterĭus |
Dative |
alterī |
alterī |
alterī |
Accusative |
alterum |
alteram |
alterum |
Ablative |
alterō |
alterā |
alterō |
ūllus, -a, -ud (any)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
ūllus |
ūlla |
ūllum |
Genitive |
ūllĭus |
ūllĭus |
ūllĭus |
Dative |
ūllī |
ūllī |
ūllī |
Accusative |
ūllum |
ūllam |
ūllud |
Ablative |
ūllō |
ūllā |
ūllō |
nūllus, -a, -ud (none)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
nūllus |
nūlla |
nūllum |
Genitive |
nūllĭus |
nūllĭus |
nūllĭus |
Dative |
nūllī |
nūllī |
nūllī |
Accusative |
nūllum |
nūllam |
nūllud |
Ablative |
nūllō |
nūllā |
nūllō |
uter, -a, -um (which)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
uter |
utera |
uterum |
Genitive |
uterĭus |
uterĭus |
uterĭus |
Dative |
uterī |
uterī |
uterī |
Accusative |
uterum |
uteram |
uterum |
Ablative |
uterō |
uterā |
uterō |
neuter, -a, -um (neither)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
neuter |
neutera |
neuterum |
Genitive |
neuterĭus |
neuterĭus |
neuterĭus |
Dative |
neuterī |
neuterī |
neuterī |
Accusative |
neuterum |
neuteram |
neuterum |
Ablative |
neuterō |
neuterā |
neuterō |
sōlus, -a, -ud (alone)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
sōlus |
sōla |
sōlum |
Genitive |
sōlĭus |
sōlĭus |
sōlĭus |
Dative |
sōlī |
sōlī |
sōlī |
Accusative |
sōlum |
sōlam |
sōlud |
Ablative |
sōlō |
sōlā |
sōlō |
tōtus, -a, -ud (all)
Case |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nominative |
tōtus |
tōta |
tōtum |
Genitive |
tōtĭus |
tōtĭus |
tōtĭus |
Dative |
tōtī |
tōtī |
tōtī |
Accusative |
tōtum |
tōtam |
tōtud |
Ablative |
tōtō |
tōtā |
tōtō |